Closing the Buffet: Deer Resistant Planting


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It’s estimated that there are approximately 200,000 to 250,000 white tail deer in Maryland according to the Department of Natural Resources; that’s approximately 20 deer per acre. (No, that doesn’t mean there are 20 deer lurking in your garden. Don’t panic.) Sometimes it does seem the deer have thrown a party in my garden. My hosta are the first course, then they move on to whatever looks tasty. 

Let’s take another look at ways to keep these beautiful animals from using our gardens as fast-food eatery. There are four predictable types of deterrents: 

Strong odors • Bitter tastes • Prickly textures • Very tall (8’) fences, preferably electrified

How we use these methods and how to maintain a consistent defense over the long weeks of our growing season—those are the issues. Basically, when it comes to fencing, you either have or you don’t have the desire or the room for an 8-foot fence around your garden. (Anything lower will not deter those high-jumping deer.)

So, that leaves us with home remedies and plantings. Deer eat 3–5 percent of their body weight every day. And they’re creatures of habit! When deciding on revising your garden’s plantings to defend against hungry deer, keep these four points in mind:

Deer have good memories; that is the good news and the bad news. If they’re persuaded your garden is undesirable, they’ll stay away. 

Preventing deer from grazing in your garden is easier than trying to change their habits once you’re part of their dining schedule. 

Nutritional needs influence the plants they’ll choose to eat.

Deer share their discoveries. Once you’ve got a single diner, it won’t be long before the whole family will be in your garden. 

Before I list some of the best deer-resistant plants, let me review some of the alternative deterrents:

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These Home-Remedies Work:

  • Hang bags of human hair around the perimeter of the garden. (It’s not an attractive look, but neither are chomped plants.)
  • Hang bars of soap from trees and tall shrubs. (Irish Spring is purported to be particularly effective.)
  • Coffee grounds: spread them around plants.
  • Noisy dogs: if you don’t mind leaving your dog loose in your garden, the deer will stay away. You’ll have to let the dog guard your garden in the early mornings and at dusk, the times deer are usually out grazing. 
  • Coyote decoys work, though I’m not sure how that decoy will fit into your garden’s design.
  • Spray a mixture of cinnamon, clove, mint, vinegar, and dish soap on perimeter plants. 
  • Hang reflective tape like ribbons from branches and fences. 
  • Wind chimes work sometimes; deer are spooked by unexpected noises. Remember, the windchime only chimes if there is a breeze. Where you place the wind chimes may determine the effectiveness of this deterrent. 
  • Motion-activated sprinklers work…for a while. Anecdotal reports suggest the deer soon figure out how to avoid the sprinkler or simply ignore it. 
  • Motion-activated lights, like sprinklers, work only for a time. Too soon the deer will appreciate the extra lighting for their late-night dining.
  • Good, old-fashioned pinwheels can work, but like windchimes, they rely on breezes and have no effect if they’re out of the wind.
  • Flags, both the kind that hang along a long cord and the single flags we see on sticks and flagstaffs.
  • Ultrasonic sound waves and flashing LED lights seem to be the most effective and long-lasting deterrents. (Your neighbors won’t be disturbed by the sound waves, but they may be unhappy with the flashing lights.)

These Do Not Work:

  • Dryer sheets
  • Pine-So
  • Owl decoys
  • Baking soda
  • Human urine 

Now, on to using plantings to protect your garden and plants that deer don’t like to eat. 

Protective Planting: Plant defensively around the perimeter of your garden. These shrubs and trees are prickly, unpleasant in the sensitive mouths of deer: American Holly, Juniper, Boxwood, Switchgrass (I know it’s an ornamental grass, not a shrub, but in the mouth of a deer it is sharp and uncomfortable.) Plant carefully chosen deer-resistant plants among your more vulnerable plants—nature’s guards. (Be sure to think about plants that share similar sun and moisture requirements.)

Deer-resistant Perennials: Lavender: fragrant to us, stinky to deer Catmint: also, pleasant to us but not to our unwanted guests Russian sage: handsome and prickly Peonies: they’re actually rather toxic for deer Foxglove: another plant toxic to deer (and to any other animals that might chew on it) Bee balm: lovely for bees and icky to the deer, a win-win plant Lenten Rose (Hellebore): thick leaves that deer ignore

Ornamental Grasses the deer dislike: Maiden Grass: quite tall and dramatic, but deer dislike having to pass through it Fountain Grass: they have spikes that deter deer Blue fescue: tough grass that deer avoid

Shrubs the deer dislike: Boxwood: sour smell and bitter taste Bluebeard (Caryopteris): attracts butterflies and bees Barberry: thorny, colorful shrub with pretty, fall berries

Whatever you decide to do, or if you decide to do nothing, our furry neighbors will be around. We can try to make our gardens an unwelcome dining spot, so the deer won’t make our gardens part of their regular rounds. 

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What Remains: Original Poems

What Remains 

I am delighted to announce the publication of my first chapbook of original poems. The collection is available on Amazon. (Click on the image to go directly to the Amazon webpage.)

October 2, 2025

by Janice Fuhrman Booth (Author)


The subtle beauty of Janice Fuhrman Booth’s What Remains brings to mind The Delicacy and Strength of Lace – title of Leslie Marmon Silko’s and James Wright’s volume of correspondence. With literary touchstones ranging from lucille clifton to Marcel Proust, a variety of intriguing poetic forms, and her calm mien, Booth crafts a revelatory poetry grounded in learnings that have “taken…a lifetime…to know.” I love her clear eye toward the natural world, her deft wit, and the way she goes about her work, “patiently … dispersing grief/cleansing.”
Dr. Terry Bohnhorst Blackhawk
Kresge Arts in Detroit Literary Fellow

Like drifting into reverie, these poems immerse the reader in the flux of time and memory. Poet Janice Booth trains her powerful vision on, “… the edge of the past, not the whole / A plane of singular clarity. //” In poems of quietude and strength, grief and mourning for the lost beloved coexist indelibly on the page with a joyous celebration of the crisp mornings of rural childhood. These poems have a music all their own. It is,“ the sound of a wild heart in repose.”
Ellen Wise, Poet

Sometimes all the flowers and rivers and birds in the world come together to make song—to make memory and meaning. Janice Booth’s What Remains tells us that the earth’s bounty—as well as the heart’s bounty— is pure poetry.
Grace Cavalieri.
Maryland’s tenth Poet Laureate

Janice Booth reminds us, in this outstanding debut collection, to “Look out, look up, look in,” and then leads us to do exactly that. Using the imagery of nature and everyday experience, past and present, she illuminates the beauty, mystery and fragility inherent in our own lives.
Natalie Canavor, author & poet

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Gongshi Poems Chapbook

I’m honored to have my poem included among those published in this handsome chapbook. The reading and this resulting collection were planned and executed by Annapolis Poet Laureate, Jefferson Holland.

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Speaking About Writing Poetry

I’m delighted to share with you my interview done by Sistah Joy for her series SOJOURN WITH WORDS. It was an honor do discuss my thoughts on poetry with another accomplished poet. I hope you enjoy the interview and the poems I read.

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Poetry X Hunger featured in July What’s Up? Magazine

The Story of Overcoming Hunger One Poem at a Time

by Janice F. Booth 

Jul. 03, 2025

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Hiram Larew, founder of Poetry X Hunger. Photo by Portia Wiggins

“Poetry invites truth telling, and for me [Glaser], poetry sings most profoundly when it points us toward compassion. Narrative poetry can powerfully share the stories of those who live hungry, who suffer from the plague of poverty. Unlike essays and explanations, poetry offers a direct route to our hearts: It is not argumentative. It does not speak to the mind so much as the spirit… by offering us new eyes and ears through which we might gain new understandings.” —Michael Glaser, the 9th Poet Laureate of Maryland, speaking about the Poetry X Hunger organization and the use of poetry to fight hunger.

As recently as 2023*, more than 47 million Americans went to bed most nights worried that there would not be enough food to feed their family the next day. Seven million children in the U.S. in 2023 ate less than they wished to, went an entire day without eating, and/or could not afford a balanced meal. (*The most recent year for which data is available.) 

Those statistics may, or may not, be surprising to you. What we eat, who eats, and who does not eat are issues covered regularly in the press, in blogs, and on social media. I may have a plate of cheese and crackers at my elbow as I watch the news and fret over such suffering. And after a hardy breakfast of eggs and juice, maybe I’ll send a check to one food aid organization or another. What else is there to do? 

Remedies? Many volunteer organizations in our state work to feed the hungry. Maryland-based Poetry X Hunger (PXH) is one of those organizations drawing on what they have to give—poetry—in the monumental task of reducing hunger. This organization of writers employs poetry to awaken us to the plight of hunger and to feed hungry people, in the U.S. and across the globe. 

Since its inception in 2017, Poetry X Hunger has been recognized for its integrity and success “in pointing us toward compassion” and providing concrete resources to reduce hunger. PXH has received project grants from the Maryland State Arts Council, several County Arts Councils, and, even, the United Nations.

Hiram Larew, an award-winning poet, founded Poetry X Hunger after his retirement from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), where he was director. Discussing the inception of this unique use of poetry, Larew muses over a visit he made to the Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor where he reread the poem at the statue’s base, “New Colossus” written by Emma Lazarus in 1883. The sonnet includes these famous lines, “Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free.” 

Larew observes, “I saw the power of poems to address social problems…It’s all about using the power of poems, turning poetry into food.” Larew established his nonprofit organization to actively address the entrenched social problem of hunger. 

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Food storage purchased with a PXH grant by Roots For Life.

Under the umbrella nonprofit Chesapeake Charities (in Stevensville), Poetry X Hunger devises creative ways to provide small grants to groups working to ease hunger on local levels. PXH partners with organizations on money-making activities to fund these donations and more. Examples include poetry readings (online and in person), poetry contests, and activities engaging children in the challenge of using their poetry to help us understand the scourge that is hunger. Poets donate their honorariums and speaking fees, while others make outright donations.

In 2024 alone, Poetry X Hunger raised $13,000 to help feed the hungry and raise awareness of hunger in our own communities. Among the recipients of those dollars were the Anne Arundel County Food Bank, the Maryland Food Bank, and the D.C. Food Bank. Some of those funds were used by Roots For Life, a D.C.-based community farm, to help purchase a walk-in storage area with refrigerator where locally grown produce could be stored awaiting distribution. 

And the organization’s international profile is rising. In November 2024, Brian Manyati, a contributor to Poetry X Hunger’s poetry page, addressed the International Literary Festival in his native country, Zimbabwe. He spoke about his poetry and its power to reach the ears and hearts of a wide audience. Similarly, but from Tanzania, Joseph Mukami Mwita contributes his poetry to PXH. He observes, “One thing that poetry does is grease humanity’s wheels.”

For a special project Poetry X Hunger joined with two international organizations, Seed Programs Internation and Sustainable Community Initiative for Empowerment. These three organizations raised enough money to fund the creation of school gardens in Kampala, Uganda. When schools reopened in February 2025, school garden clubs were formed. While students till, plant, and harvest, club members study urban farming, watering and weeding practices, urban tools, and more. Student manuals reinforce the hands-on learning. 

Another powerful illustration of Poetry X Hunger’s work is their partnering with Feed the Children. Canadian poet, Josephine LoRe contributed a poem, “Enough,” through PXH. Her poem has been used in a compelling Feed the Children video spot, with 165,000 views and counting. “Would words be enough” read aloud over scenes of people working to feed the hungry, the poem, begins:

Ongoing and future plans for Poetry X Hunger include poets reading at a summer conference of the Alliance to End Hunger. Another exciting project for PXH poets is the possible publication of a collection of Poetry X Hunger poems. Profits from the sale of the anthology will be used to fight hunger. 

You may be wondering about the amount of planning and direction needed to keep all these projects and programs going. The poet-force behind the scene, Hiram Larew never rests; he has authored seven collections of poems, and counting, including his 2025 This Much Very. His poetry has earned prestigious awards, including four Pushcart Prize nominations. In addition to overseeing Poetry X Hunger, Larew received an Individual Artist grant from the Maryland State Arts Council. He founded Voices of Woodlawn, a program of poetry, music, and visual art expressing and recognizing the tragic history of plantation slavery. Larew is a Courtesy Faculty member at five U.S. universities. He assists Baltimore’s WBJC Classical Radio (91.5 FM) to identify poets for interviews on the widely broadcast BookNotes program. And he was a member of the Shakespeare Folger Library’s poetry board. All this in his “retirement.” 

Prior to retirement, Larew was a representative for USDA and USAID; he has advanced degrees in Botany, Horticulture, and Entomology. Directing from the front lines, Larew guided aid programs in countries including Afghanistan, Armenia, Egypt, and Haiti. He supported regional university faculties as they established programs as part of Universities Fighting World Hunger

Hiram Larew is adamant about the power of poetry to change hearts and, by degrees, lives. “Poetry brings a heart and an awareness that data and statistics can’t—though we need both,” he says. 

If you want to get involved, visit Poetry X Hunger’s website, poetryxhunger.com. The homepage has a useful “Donations” button and a place to add your name and contact information if you want to volunteer your skills.

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Some of the organizations to which PXH has donated money and offered support are:

Anne Arundel County Food Bank (Maryland)

Maryland Food Bank’s Eastern Shore Branch Office (Maryland)

St. Mary’s Caring (Maryland)

Prince George’s County Food Equity Council (Maryland)

Community Action Council of Howard County (Maryland)

Roots for Life (Washington, D.C.)

Food for Others (Virginia)

Feed the Children (Oklahoma)

Seed Programs International (North Carolina)

Food for Lane County (Oregon)

Fulfill (New Jersey)

The Food Pantries for the Capital District (New York)

Mid-Norfolk Foodbank (United Kingdom)

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Chloe Gibeon, age 12

Click Here to View Feed the Children’s video featuring the poem “Enough”

Poetry X Hunger also worked with the Westside Campaign Against Hunger in New York City. WSCAH held a poetry contest, inviting young poets to raise their voices and their poems to fight hunger. One highlighted poet was Chloe Gibeon, age 12 (above):  

“Hunger”

Its green eyes glint 
as it tears bellies
with sharp claws… 

…Some people gorge 
but they keep it for themselves. 

They don’t know 
hunger’s green eyes 
the pain of the claws.

by Janice F. Booth

Jul. 03, 2025

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